The Scottish Clans

Motto: Tutus in Undis
Origin of Name: French
Clan Lands: North Esk, Largo Bay & Angus

History
The erroneous notion that clans are Highland groups and families are Lowland units is very much a Victorian one. In fact, the terms are interchangeable, and many a Lowland laird has held from the Lyon Court the title “Chief of the Name and Arms”. This is true of the Woods.

The Old English name Wood (also Wod, Vod, Yod, Wode, Woode, Woods, Voud and other variations) may well derive from the Norman French de Vosco, or de Bosco (modern French Dubois or just Bois), meaning “of the wood” (occupational names of people crafting in wood being typically Wright, Wheelwright etc., Carpenter, Arrowsmith, Carver, Cooper, Sawyer and many others). Gaelic forms incorporating “Coill” also took the English translation over time. Among the Wood families that moved into southern Scotland – some say with King David I – were the Woods of Bonnytoun in Angus. They held extensive lands in that district as well as Kincardineshire, Perthshire and elsewhere.

Admiral Sir Andrew Wood Bt., of Largo, Fife, (circa 1455 – 1521) was almost certainly a scion of that ancient clan. He was famous for inflicting many defeats on foreign pirates and privateers as well as squadrons of ships sent by the English government to harass the Scots. His successors built a hospital and school in Fife for their kinsmen named Wood, and were prominent in Scottish history both politically and militarily: they continued to be a significant influence in British politics and were foremost among the thousands of Scots who contributed enormously to the economic and armed expansion of the British Empire well into the 19th century. The main line of Sir Andrew’s descendants is considered by the Court of the Lord Lyon King of Arms to be the chiefly one. The record of succession is complete right down to 1916, when Andrew George Wood died in Mayfair, London, leaving his estate on the border of Wales and Shropshire to his second wife. The Clan Wood Society are, no longer, searching for its Chief. The Lord Lyon last year recognised Timothy Fawcett Wood as Chief of the Name and Arms.

Clan Wood website

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Motto: Je pense (I think)
Origin of Tartan: The “Vestiarium Scoticum”

History
The name of Wemyss is derived from the Gaelic ‘uaimh’ meaning ‘cave’.

On the coast of Fife, below the ruin known as MacDuff’s Castle are caves containing Pictish paintings and it is thought that these gave rise to local place name of Wemyss. Wemyss has been the seat of the chiefs of the Clan Wemyss since the twelfth century and they almost certainly took their name from the land where they made their home.

The Wemyss family have the distinction of being one of the few lowland families directly descended from the Celtic nobility, through the MacDuff earls of Fife.

The family initially ensured their prosperity by supporting the cause of Robert the Bruce, and thereafter the name multiplied into many branches. The family seat, Wemyss Castle was built early in the thirteenth century and has the distinction of being the setting for the first meeting of Mary, Queen of Scots and her future husband, Henry. Lord Darnley.

By the eighteenth century the Wemyss family were recognised as the senior representatives of the ancient earldom of Fife.

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Gaelic Name: Uallas
Motto: Pro liberate (For liberty)
Badge: Oak
Lands: Ayrshire and Renfrewshire
Origin of Name: From Volcae, a tribe in North Gaul

History
In old Latin documents the term Walensis is used to designate the Welsh, but in Scotland is more commonly used as a native name meaning a Strathclyde Briton and not, as is often thought, a Welshman coming in the train of the Norman French. It is from this Walensis that the name Wallace is derived.

The name of the clan Wallace is first found in records in the twelfth century as holding extensive lands around Ayrshire and Renfrewshire. Richard Walensis of Riccarton is hailed as the founder of the Wallace family.

The motto of the Wallace clan is “Pro Libertate – for liberty” and no member of the family encompasses that ideal more than the great Scottish patriot, Sir William Wallace of Elderslie. The Wallace clan had refused to submit to Edward I, and William led his family and fellow patriots in what was to be one of the earliest guerrilla campaigns in military history.

His military genius made him hated and feared by Edward I and he was known traditionally as “Guardian of Scotland”. He was ultimately betrayed to the English and executed with great brutality.

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Gaelic Name: Urchurdan
Motto: Meane weil speak weil and doe weil
Badge: Wallflower
Lands: Ross-shire and Inverness-shire
Origin of Name: Placename, Ross-shire

History
The name Urquhart is considered to be of Gaelic origin and has been variously translated as “by a rowan wood” or “fort on a knoll”. The Urquhart family derive their name from the district of Urquhart which can be found in the old locality of Cromarty, on the north side of the Great Glen.

Traditionally springing from a seafaring tribe, they are of minor importance in Scottish history but certainly of ancient origin. In fact, the writer Sir Thomas Urquhart compiled his own genealogy and described himself as being 143rd in direct descent from Adam and Eve.

The family history of erudition and learned pursuits is epitomised by Sir Thomas Urquhart, who was a renowned writer of the seventeenth century and considered one of the most eccentric geniuses in Scottish history. He travelled Europe, collecting written works and on his return was taken prisoner by the English. While imprisoned in the Tower of London he published the first book of Rabelais, one of the world’s masterpieces of translation.

The chief of the clan Urquhart now resides in America.

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Gaelic Name: Sutherlarach
Motto: Sans Peur (Without fear)
Badge: Cotton Sedge
Lands: Sutherland
Origin of Name: Placename, Scotland
Pipe Music:
The Earl of Sutherland’s March

History
The Earldom of Sutherland is claimed to be the oldest in Britain.

The Sutherland clan derive their name from the territory known as Sudrland by the Norsemen who had conquered much of the Scottish mainland north of Inverness. The family are thought to be of Flemish origin, descendants of Freskin, who is also an ancestor of the Murrays of Atholl.

The Earls of Sutherland maintained feuds with many neighbouring clans, in particular Clan McKay. Relations with the Sinclairs of Caithness were also strained, and the 11th Earl of Sutherland and his wife died of poisoning, at the instigation of the Earl of Caithness.

The first Duke of Sutherland was renowned for being a keen reformer and he cleared his tenants ruthlessly from the land to set up new industries on the coast. He was responsible for virtually destroying the old ways of life in Sutherland and was never forgiven by many people for these clearances.

The principal seat of the chiefs of clan Sutherland is the fairy tale castle of Dunrobin, which has been transformed from a traditional Scottish castle into a vast palace in the French chateau style. Now open to the public, it remains in the possession of the Sutherland family.

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Gaelic Name: Stiùbhard
Motto: Virescit vulnere virtus (Courage grows strong at a wound)
Badge: Thistle
Lands: Renfrewshire, Teviotdale and Lauderdale
Origin of Name: From the High Steward of Scotland
Pipe Music: Bratach Bhan nan Stiubhartach (The white banner of the Stewarts)

History
The Stewart family records its traditional descent from Banquo, Thane of Lochaber, who makes an appearance as a character in William Shakespeare’s MacBeth. Historically, however, the family appears to be descended from an ancient family who were senechals of Dol in Brittany.

They acquired lands in England after the Norman conquest and moved to Scotland when David I ascended to the throne of Scotland. The family were granted extensive estates in Renfrewshire and East Lothian and the office of High Steward was made hereditary in the family.

It is through marriage with the daughter of Robert the Bruce that we can begin to trace the descent of the Royal House of Stewart. The royal line of male Stewarts continued uninterrupted until the reign of Mary, Queen of Scots. As a family, the Royal Stewarts held the throne of Scotland, and later that of England, in the direct line until the death of Queen Anne in 1714. In fact, the present Royal family still has Stewart blood links.

The Stewart tartan is worn by the regimental pipers of the Scots Guards and was referred to by King George V as “my personal tartan”. Known as the “Royal Tartan”, it is still traditionally the official tartan of the Royal House of Scotland.

The Stewarts of Appin form the West Highland branch of the great Royal family of Stewart, and have come to form a branch clan of considerable importance. Through marriage with the family of Lorne they became firstly Lords of Lorne and subsequently received a grant of lands at Appin. It was at Appin that was built the family seat of the Stewarts of Appin Castle Stalker, on the Cormorant’s Rock at Loch Linnhe. It is from this location that was derived the rallying cry of the clan ‘Creag an Sgairbh’, or in English ‘Cormorant’s Rock’. Castle Stalker was built as a seat for royal hunting and fowling expeditions and is still one of Scotland’s finest sights.

The Stewarts of Appin were staunchly Jacobite and in the aftermath of the 1745 rising, the famous Appin murder took place. This incident is immortalised by Robert Louis Stevenson in his novel ‘Kidnapped’. The chief of clan Appin, Allan Breck Stewart was the main suspect for the killing of Colin Campbell. He escaped justice however, and his half brother was arrested and tried by jury composed entirely of Campbell men. Not surprisingly, he was convicted and was later hanged. Today a cairn marks the place of his execution.

Another famous branch are the Stewarts of Atholl are directly descended from one of the most notorious Stewarts of the fourteenth century Alexander Stewart, Earl of Buchan, more commonly known as ‘The Wolf of Badenoch’. Alexander is most widely known for leading the raid which led to the burning of Elgin Cathedral in 1391. Later he built his stronghold the Castle of Garth and settled there. The descendants of Alexander Stewart became known as Athollmen and gave their allegiance to the new Murray Earls of Atholl.

In 1822 an estimate was recorded that there were upwards of 4,000 Stewarts living in the province of Atholl, all descended from this one individual. The Atholl Stewarts were renowned for their fighting strength, and were able to raise a fighting force of 1,500 men during the reign of William of Orange.

They were also present in force at the Battle of Killiecrankie.This prowess in battle is celebrated by the fact that the present Duke of Atholl maintains the Atholl Highlanders as the only private army in the kingdom.

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Gaelic Name: MacSgian
Motto: Virtutis regia merces (A palace the reward of bravery)
Lands: Skene
Origin of Name: Placename, Aberdeenshire

History
The family of Skene is thought to be an exceptionally early sept of Clan Donnachaidh, from before it adopted the name Robertson.

The Skene clan is known in Gaelic as Siol Sgeine or Clann Donnachaidh Mhar. The traditional origin of the name is found in an eleventh century legend of the Robertsons. It is said that a younger son of Robertson of Struan saved the life of the king by killing a savage wolf with only a small dagger or ‘sgian’. He was rewarded for this deed with a grant of lands in Aberdeenshire, named after the weapon that had brought him such good fortune.

Subsequently the family took their name from their ownership of this land. This story is commemorated in the shield of the Skene chief, which displays three wolves’ heads impaled on daggers or ‘durks’.

The first recorded bearer of the name Skene is John de Skeen, who lived during the reign of Malcolm III.

The clan Skene does not have a record of great fortune in battle, with three clan chiefs being killed on the battlefield at Harlaw, Flodden and also the battle of Pinkie. The unfortunate history of the Skenes culminated in 1827 when the direct line of Skenes of Skene finally died out. All estates of the family then passed to a nephew, the Earl of Fife, whose family holds them to this day.

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Gaelic Name: Mac na Ceardadh
Motto: Commit thy work to God
Badge: Whin
Lands: Midlothian, Orkney and Caithness
Origin of Name: Placename, French de Sancto Claro
Pipe Music: Spaidsearachd Mhic nan Cearda (The Sinclair’s March)

History
St. Clare in Pont d’Eveque in Normandy is generally thought to be the birthplace of this great northern clan.

The family received a grant of the Barony of Roslin in Midlothian during the twelfth century. Through marriage, the family obtained the Earldom of Orkney, and in the next century received land in Caithness. The earldom or kingdom of Orkney was later resigned by order of James III.

The chief of clan Sinclair at this time split the family lands, giving the lands of Caithness to his elder son, and the lands at Roslin to his younger son. It was around this point that the spelling “Sinclair” came into general use, although the Earls of Roslin still prefer to use the older form of “St. Clare”.

The Earls of Caithness engaged in a long succession of feuds with their neighbours and within the family. This resulted in the 4th Earl imprisoning his son in Girnigoe Castle, where he starved to death.

Much of the Sinclair lands in Caithness had to be sold off to pay debts. Within the family, rights to estates were disputed and culminated in a battle between the Sinclairs and the Campbells on the banks of Altimarlech, near Wick. It is said that, as a result of this battle, “so many Sinclairs were killed that the Campbells were able to cross the water without getting their feet wet”.

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Gaelic Name: Mac Ghille Sheathanaich
Motto: Fide et fortitudine (By fidelity and fortitude)
Badge: Red whortleberry
Lands: Strathspey
Origin of Name: Gaelic, Seaghdha (Pithful)

History
The Shaw clan is derived from Shaw MacDuff, who was a younger son of the Thane of Fife. Shaw was made keeper of the royal castle of Inverness and his heirs became known as the ‘Mhic an Toiseach’ or the ‘sons of the Thane’.

The Shaw family were constantly beset by the belligerent powers of their neighbours, Clan Comyn, and they sought support by allying themselves through marriage to the powerful MacDonalds. From this union emerged the large tribal confederation to be known as the Clan Chattan, and from this the first chief of Clan Shaw.

The clan Shaw went on to become one of the principal septs of Clan Chattan. The second, and best known, chief of the clan was Shaw Macghillechrist Mhic Iain, who was commonly known as ‘Sgorghiaclach’, which translates as ‘bucktooth’. He led the clan Chattan under the notorious Wolf of Badenoch, most notably on the legendary raid on Angus in 1391.

The Clan Chattan took part in a long standing feud with the neighbouring Cameron clan, which threatened the stability of the whole neighbourhood. It was decided to resolve this dispute with a trial by combat of champions. Shaw Bucktooth led the clan Chattan and over sixty Highlanders fought at Perth before an illustrious audience, which included the Dauphin of France.

Today the clan Shaw is recognised as a line of unbroken continuity to the ancient earls of Fife.

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CLAN COLQUHOUN CALHOUN SCOTTISH TARTAN BOWTIE US $19.95 (0 Bid) Auction Ends: Thursday Feb-23-2012 7:17:27 PST   | Watch this Item

SCOTTISH CASTLE DRUMMOND CLAN 11x17 PHOTOCHROM PRINT COUNTY PERTH SCOTLAND 1616 US $9.47 Auction Ends: Thursday Feb-23-2012 7:35:01 PST   | Watch this Item

1967 AFGHAN Knit Crochet PATTERNS Scottish Clan Tartan~Sioux Indian~Blue Willow+ US $8.99 (1 Bid) Auction Ends: Thursday Feb-23-2012 8:16:54 PST   | Watch this Item

Original Copy Scottish Bagpipes Print for Dewar's Ad - TARTAN OF CLAN WALLACE US $49.99 (0 Bid) Auction Ends: Thursday Feb-23-2012 8:22:35 PST   | Watch this Item

Scottish Drum Player TARTAN OF CLAN MACLAINE OF LOCHBUIE Framed Print US $49.99 (0 Bid) Auction Ends: Thursday Feb-23-2012 8:23:14 PST   | Watch this Item

Royal UK Scottish Scotland Clan Eliott Crest Heraldry Family Name Arms COA Patch US $19.99 Auction Ends: Thursday Feb-23-2012 9:01:26 PST   | Watch this Item

Royal Scottish Scotland Clan Fergusson Crest Heraldry Family Name Arms COA Patch US $19.99 Auction Ends: Thursday Feb-23-2012 9:05:45 PST   | Watch this Item

Royal Scottish Scotland Clan Farquharson Crest Heraldry Family Name Arms Patch US $19.99 Auction Ends: Thursday Feb-23-2012 9:09:26 PST   | Watch this Item

Motto: Hazard yet forward
Badge: Yew
Origin of Tartan: From the “Vestiarium Scoticum”

History
It is generally thought that the name of Seton derives from the village of Sai, near Exmes in Normandy. Another school of thought, however, argues that the clan derives its name from the ‘sea town’ of Tranent, near Edinburgh.

The family fortunes of the Seton family were secured at an early stage by marriage into the family of Robert the Bruce. However in the nineteenth century the family luck seemed to run out, when all the sons of the Seton line were killed in battle. The estates and lands of the family were retained through the female side of the line.

The Setons were great supporters of Mary, Queen of Scots and it was to Lord Seton that she turned when in trouble. In fact, the Seton clan played a large part in her escape from imprisonment in Lochleven Castle. Their loyalty to Mary is recorded by the inclusion of Lord Seton’s wife Mary in the song of ‘The Queen’s Maries’.

It was around this time that the Setons also completed work on the building of their own family seat the magnificent Palace of Seton. The Seton family has always been well served by its own historians, with the publication of ‘A History of the Family of Seton during Eight Centuries’.

MacFarlane Clan Crest Pewter Celtic Cufflinks Scottish US $29.75 Auction Ends: Thursday Feb-23-2012 4:51:27 PST   | Watch this Item

CLAN LINDSAY SCOTTISH TARTAN BOWTIE US $19.95 (0 Bid) Auction Ends: Thursday Feb-23-2012 7:17:27 PST   | Watch this Item

CLAN COLQUHOUN CALHOUN SCOTTISH TARTAN BOWTIE US $19.95 (0 Bid) Auction Ends: Thursday Feb-23-2012 7:17:27 PST   | Watch this Item

SCOTTISH CASTLE DRUMMOND CLAN 11x17 PHOTOCHROM PRINT COUNTY PERTH SCOTLAND 1616 US $9.47 Auction Ends: Thursday Feb-23-2012 7:35:01 PST   | Watch this Item

1967 AFGHAN Knit Crochet PATTERNS Scottish Clan Tartan~Sioux Indian~Blue Willow+ US $8.99 (1 Bid) Auction Ends: Thursday Feb-23-2012 8:16:54 PST   | Watch this Item

Original Copy Scottish Bagpipes Print for Dewar's Ad - TARTAN OF CLAN WALLACE US $49.99 (0 Bid) Auction Ends: Thursday Feb-23-2012 8:22:35 PST   | Watch this Item

Scottish Drum Player TARTAN OF CLAN MACLAINE OF LOCHBUIE Framed Print US $49.99 (0 Bid) Auction Ends: Thursday Feb-23-2012 8:23:14 PST   | Watch this Item

Royal UK Scottish Scotland Clan Eliott Crest Heraldry Family Name Arms COA Patch US $19.99 Auction Ends: Thursday Feb-23-2012 9:01:26 PST   | Watch this Item

Royal Scottish Scotland Clan Fergusson Crest Heraldry Family Name Arms COA Patch US $19.99 Auction Ends: Thursday Feb-23-2012 9:05:45 PST   | Watch this Item

Royal Scottish Scotland Clan Farquharson Crest Heraldry Family Name Arms Patch US $19.99 Auction Ends: Thursday Feb-23-2012 9:09:26 PST   | Watch this Item